II. Alexander, full name Alexander Nikolayevich Romanov, was Tsar of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 1855 until his death in 1881. During his reign, he carried out many significant reforms, the most memorable of which was the emancipation of serfs in 1861, for which he was also called "Sándor the Liberator". His reforms: Reorganization of the justice system. Introduction of a judiciary covering all citizens. As a result of the education reform, the spread of general elementary education. The advancement of self-government through the "zemsztvo" system. It represented a pro-peace direction. He supported the Unionists in the American Civil War. He sold Alaska to the United States in 1867. The III. He maintained good relations with France until the fall of the French emperor Napoleon. In 1872, the agreement of the three emperors was established with Germany and Austria-Hungary. During Alexander's reign, the Russian Empire underwent significant changes, both in domestic and foreign policy. His reforms and politics had a significant impact on the country's development and subsequent historical events. Family life: His first wife was Maria Aleksandrovna (1841–1880). After Maria Alexandrovna's death in 1880, II. Alexander married Yekaterina Mihajlovna Dolgorukova. However, the Russian Orthodox Church did not recognize this second marriage. Children: Alexandra Alexandrovna: The Tsar's daughter. Nikolay Aleksandrovich: III. Tsar Alexander of Russia. Vladimir Alexandrovich: Son of the Tsar. Alexei Alexandrovich: Another son. Maria Alexandrovna: The Tsar's Daughter. Sergey Alexandrovich: Another son. Pavel Aleksandrovich: Son of the Tsar. II. Sándor's family life was diverse and he struggled with challenges in the political and social environment.

II. Grand Duke Alexander of Finland, Tsar of Russia and King of Poland ruled from 1855 to 1881. During this time, the coinage of the tsarist empire underwent significant changes. During the war years, in the late 1850s and early 1860s, the emphasis was placed on paper money and bronze coins. The minting of gold and silver coins decreased, as these coins had to be used for the army because of the war. After the war, from the mid-1860s to the end of the 1870s, the minting of gold and silver coins came to the fore. This change was related to financial reforms and the development of the economy. II. At the end of Alexander's reign, the coinage of the tsarist empire was well organized and developed. In coinage, the minting of gold and silver coins came to the fore, which was due to the development of the economy and financial stability.