Fuad I, whose full name was Ahmad Fuad, was a member of the Muhammad Ali dynasty and ruled as Sultan of Egypt from 1917 to 1922 and then as King from 1922 until his death in 1936. During his reign as sultan, Egypt was ruled as a British protectorate, and in 1922, when the country gained nominal independence, he assumed the title of king. Fuád was born on March 26, 1868, in Giza, the son of Ismáíl Pasha and Farjál Hánum. His father, Ismáíl Pasha, was a leader who won the viceroyal throne in 1863 and was deposed in 1879 and forced into exile. Fuád was married twice. His first wife was Hánum Savíkár, whom he married in 1895, but they divorced in 1898. His second wife was Názli Szabri, whom he married in 1919, and they had five children, including Farouk, who later became the king of Egypt. After Fuád's death, his son Fárúk succeeded him on the throne. Fuád died on April 28, 1936 in Cairo and was laid to rest in the er-Rifá Mosque.I. During Fuad's reign, significant political changes took place in Egypt. During World War I, the country was a British protectorate, and after the war, in 1919, a national revolution broke out, fighting for Egyptian independence. Under the pressure of the revolution, the British government granted nominal independence to Egypt in 1922, and at that time Sultan Fuad became king. Several important constitutional developments took place during Fuad's reign. In 1923, the first Egyptian constitution was adopted, establishing a parliamentary monarchy, but Fuad often interfered in politics and dissolved the parliament several times. In the 1930s, Fuád introduced a new constitution that increased royal power and limited the role of parliament. In addition, significant social and economic changes took place in the country during Fuád's reign. In the field of education, for example, the Egyptian University was founded in 1925, of which Fuád became the first rector. And in the economic fields, modernization efforts were launched, the aim of which was to develop the country's infrastructure and industry. During Fuad's reign, Egypt's political system and socio-economic structure underwent a significant transformation, which had an impact on the country's subsequent development.

The minting of the Egyptian sultan and then king Fuad I between 1922 and 1952 brought about a significant change in the Egyptian financial system. At the time of Fuad's accession to the throne, the Egyptian currency was the Turkish lira, which increasingly lost its value due to post-World War II inflation. Fuád introduced the Egyptian pound in 1924, which was tied to the British pound. Fuád's coins are among the most significant works of art in Egyptian history. Coins and banknotes are mostly made of gold, silver and copper and depict portraits of the sultan or king and motifs from Egyptian history and culture.Coins minted during his reign, 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 piastres, and 1, 5 and 10 guinea gold coins, 50, 25, 10 and 5 piastres, and 10 piastres silver and 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 piastres copper coins. 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 pound notes. Coinage of Fuad they contributed significantly to the development of the Egyptian financial system and are still valuable collector's items today.