ARC. (Boldog) Károly (full name: Karl Franz Josef Ludwig Hubert Georg Maria von Österreich; Persenbeug, Austria, August 17, 1887 - Funchal, Madeira Island, April 1, 1922) Austrian archduke, the last ruler of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1916 and 1918 as Károly I, the last emperor of the Austrian Empire and IV. Károly, the last king of Hungary, the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. He is also the last Czech and the last Croatian king from the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. After his two-year reign, Austria and Hungary were declared republics. He did not resign, but accepted the new form of government, which can be read in the Eckartsau Declaration. In 1921, he tried to return to the throne twice, unsuccessfully. The son of Archduke Franz Otto and Royal Princess Maria Jozefina of Saxony, he became the heir to Emperor Franz Joseph after his uncle, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, was assassinated in Sarajevo in 1914. 1911. on October 21, he married Princess Zita Bourbon–Parma (1892–1989) in Schwarzau am Steinfeld Castle in Lower Austria, with whom he had eight children. Károly ascended the throne in November 1916, after the death of Ferenc József. He made secret attempts to negotiate the withdrawal of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy from the First World War, but unfortunately he was unsuccessful. After the armistice of November 11, 1918, Károly renounced his participation in state affairs, but at the same time remained on the throne. The German-Austrian Republic was proclaimed the next day, and in April 1919 the Austrian parliament officially dethroned him and then exiled him to Switzerland. Károly spent the remaining years of his life restoring the monarchy. He made two attempts to regain the Hungarian throne in 1921; both failed due to the lack of support from regent Miklós Horthy. Károly was exiled for the second time, this time to the Portuguese island of Madeira, where he fell ill shortly afterwards and died of respiratory failure in 1922. His first-born son, Otto Habsburg, became the heir to the throne, but he never ascended the throne, and finally in 1961, in a statement renounced his claim to the Austrian throne in order to travel with his family to his former homeland. He never renounced his claim to the throne of Hungary, as the communist leadership did not even ask him to do so. II. Pope John Paul IV Károly was beatified on October 3, 2004 in the Vatican, on St. Peter's Square.

The coinage of Austrian Emperor Charles I from 1916 to 1918 differs significantly from the previous years due to wartime conditions. The emperor ascended the throne in 1916, after the death of Francis Joseph, and immediately faced the economic and financial consequences of the war. The financial situation was further aggravated by the withdrawal of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy from the gold standard in 1917. As a result, during the reign of Charles I, many changes took place in the coinage. In 1916, the emperor introduced the so-called "war money", which was barely covered. The war money quickly depreciated and caused severe inflation in the economy. Among the coins minted during the emperor's reign, the most interesting are the 1916 war money and the 1917 copper coin worth 1 crown, this currency was the only copper coin of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which was minted in the reign of Charles I.I. At the end of Charles' reign, the coinage of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy completely collapsed. The Emperor abdicated in 1918 and the Monarchy fell apart. These coins are now rare and valuable.