II. Nicholas, full name Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov, was a Russian Grand Duke from the Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov House (Saint Petersburg, May 8, 1868 - Yekaterinburg, July 17, 1918), who ruled as the last Tsar of the Russian Empire between 1894 and 1917. According to his official title, he was the emperor of all Russia, as well as king of Poland and grand duke of Finland. II. He married Alexandra Miklós of Hesse, and they had five children: Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatyana, Marija, Anastasia and Tsarevich Alexei. The tragic fate of the family reached its climax in 1918, when the Bolsheviks executed them in Yekaterinburg. II. The memory of Miklós and his family was honored by the Russian Orthodox Church with canonization in 2000. II. Miklós' reign and life can be linked to many historical events and had a significant impact on world politics and social changes at the beginning of the 20th century. The Russo-Japanese War took place during his reign, in which Russia suffered a heavy defeat from Japan. The war had a catastrophic effect on Russian society and the popularity of the tsar. During the 1905 revolution, workers and peasants protested against the rule of the tsar. II. Miklós was forced to make concessions, such as the creation of Dumas (parliament), to quell the discontent of the people. II. Miklós opposed all kinds of reforms and insisted on an outdated, autocratic policy. His handling of military affairs and his insensitivity to the needs of the people contributed to the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917. As a result of the revolution, II. Miklós abdicated and the monarchy in Russia ended. He went into exile with his family, and in 1918 they were executed by the Bolsheviks in Yekaterinburg. II. Nicholas was the last member of the Romanov dynasty, which ruled Russia for 300 years.

II. Grand Duke Miklós of Finland was Tsar of Russia and King of Poland between 1894 and 1917. During his reign, the coinage of Russia also changed. In the early years of the tsar, the ruble was the main unit of Russian currency. The Russian ruble appeared in a variety of coins and banknotes. The financial changes that took place during his reign include the coinage reform that took place after the Russian Revolution of 1905. During this period, the new Russian ruble coins and banknotes were introduced. However, II. The later years of Nicholas' reign were particularly turbulent due to civil war and the collapse of the Russian Empire. The instability of the Russian economy and the subsequent events continue to influence Russian coinage. As a result of the 1917 revolution, II. Nicholas abdicated and the Russian Empire ceased to exist. therefore, the Russian monetary system also underwent radical changes, and new currencies were introduced in Soviet times, such as the Russian Soviet ruble.